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July 11, 1933. w. H. PASCOE APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL Filed April 11. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 0 E 3. 2 3 I 7 8 a July 11, 1933. w. H. PASCOE APPARATUS FOR BURNING FUEL 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed April 11. 1929 Patented July 11, 1933 UNITED STATES WILLIAM H. PASCOE, OF'CHIGAGO; ILLINOIS orr cr; j;

' APPARATUS FOR BURNING- FUEL Application filed April 11,

My invention relates to an apparatus for burning atomized fuel and hasto do more particularly with the burning of oil, and has among its objects the provision of an apparatus of the class described which is convenient, eflicient and satisfactory for use wherever found applicable. l

A. particular object of my invention is to provide an apparatusfor burning fuel oil whereby complete combustion is effected. This is accomplished particularly by directing a stream of fuel downward and rearwardly onto a refractory grate and simultaneously directing converging streams of warm air laterally and upwardly in such manner that the air and fuel reflected from the grate will travel together toward the rear or the fire box, the fuel being substantially surrounded by air and burning in the course of its upward and rearward movement.

Man' other ob'ects and advanta es of the y J a:

construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosures herein given.

To this end my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims. p

In the drawings, wherein like reference characters indicate like or corresponding parts: 1

Fig. 1 represents a Vertical sectional view of a furnace embodying my invention; 7

Fig.2 is a perspective view of the struc ture of refractory material which I place in the fire box of a furnace such as shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 10 is a sectional View taken on line a section taken on line 5-5 of a section taken on line 66 of 10 10 of Fig. 7.

Referring to Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, my

1929. Serial'No. 354,252..

invention may be embodied in a furnace having a casing 10 of square cross-section and provi led with a fire box 11 and a chamber 12, corresponding to the chambers in furnaces burnin solid fuel generally referred to as an 601 ash pit. Fire box 11 and chamber 12 are separated from each other by a grate 13 of; ordinary construction, while baliies 14,15,- etc, formed of refractory material, are provided in the upper part of the furnace forv conducting the products of combustion into, i a flue 16. A nozzle or similar member 17 is pivotally mounted in the front wall of the furnace, preferably in the .fire door, and is connected to suitable apparatus (not shown) To: for supplying a stream of atomized fuel, such as oil or the like, under pressure to the fire. box.

An air inlet member 18, preferably a pipe" section, is provided in the wall of the recep-- 7 3.1 tacle 12, which may be connected to a fan or i the like for providing a supply of air to the fire box under pressure.

Mounted over the grate 13 is a structure of refractory material designated generally SQ by numeral 19, for the purpose of directing. the air admitted through the. inlet 18 in av peculiar manner against the fuel. In the embodiments shown, this structure is built of refractory brick, inasmuch as this form. of constru'ctio-n is especially convenient to build as well as to dismount. and is very inexpene sive. It is understood, however, that other; refractory material may be used with asgood' results. Alayer of brick or similar refractory Ina-:- terial 20, preferably of splits, is placed immediately over the grate 13 in such man nor that there are provided narrow openings 21 and 22 on opposite sides of the fire 9-5 box and adjacent the casing 10, While an opening 23 is provided transversely. of the fire box and oiniiig the two openings 21 and' 22 so as to form a il -shaped inlet, as shown clearly in Figure 8. Bricks or otherreof fingers24 fractory material inthe form are mounted over the layer20 so as to project'rearwadly and toward the center from the sides thereof over the openings 21 and 22. The structure is built up at thefront, as inin; dicated at 25, and the members 2% are overlaid as indicated by 26, in such manner that air coming up from the apertures 21and 22 will be forced rearwardly toward a central cavity 27 throughthe spacesbetweenthefinjlie gerlike members 24L. In the rear of the aperture 23 the refractory structure is built up in the form of a block 28 which may be somewhat higher than the portions 26, the forward portion of the block 28 being concaved, orundercut as indicated at 29, Figure 2, for a purpose which will be describedlater. The brickwork is preferably covered with a layer of fireclay, in order that air leakage may be obviated as much as possible.

It will be clear from the above description that in the operation of my device, as shown in Figures 1 to 6, air entering through the inlet 18 will pass upwardly through the apertures 21, 22 and 23 formed in the refractory structure, and from the side inlets 21 and 22, the air will pass in a substantially horizontal rearwardly direct-ion through the spaces between the fingers 24: and toward the central cavity 27 while the air admitted through the aperture 23 will be directed upwardly and slightly forwardly into the central cavity 27 bymeans of the concaved portion 29 in the upper part of the block 28. It will thus be seen that the three streams of air from the apertures 21, 22 and 23 are made to converge.

In the operation of the furnace, the nozzle 17 is directed into the cavity 27 at or near the point indicated by m in the drawings so that the stream of atomized fuel issuing therefrom is surrounded on all sides by a blanket of warm air and thus is not permitted to become chilled. The fuel stream is reflected upwardly and rearwardly from the refractory layer 20, and thus travels toward the flue along with surrounding streams of air, the combustion occurring in the course of this movement. Obviously, the refractory material forming the structure 19 will become extremely hot after the furnace has been in operation a short time and will be sufficient to Warm the incomingstreams of air without the use of any other heating means. The fuel is thus brought into contact with a supply of oxygen on all sides and thoroughly mixed therewith and the result is complete combustion thereof.

Figures 7 to 10 inclusive illustrate my invention as embodied in a furnace having a round casing 40, the design of the brick work being substantially similar to that shown in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, and the operation is identical. Side vents ll and 12 joined to a rear vent 43 conduct air intothe fire box to a central cavity 47 in the same manner as in the other embodiment.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modifications may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, construction, arrangement and combination of parts herein shown and described, or uses mentioned. 1

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an oil burner, a' casing enclosing a fire box and a chamber, a grate disposed between said fire box and said chamber and permitting communication therebetween means for directing a stream of atomized fuel into said fire box, and means for directing streams of air into said fire box from the sides thereof in an inwardly and rearwardly direction and in such manner that they will converge in the path of said fuel stream.

2. In an oil burner, a casing enclosing .a fire box and a chamber, a grate disposed between said fire box and said chamber and permitting communication therebetween, means for directing a'stream of atomized fuel into said fire box and means for direct ing substantially horizontal streams of air in a rearward direction from the sides of said fire box, and in a forward direction from the rear of said fire box in such manner that the streams of air will converge in the path of said fuel stream. 3

3. In an oil burner, a casing enclosing a fire box and a chamber, a grate disposed between said fire box and said chamber and permitting communication therebetween, means for directing a stream of atomized fuel into said fire box, and'means containing a plurality of inwardly and rearwardly extending passages for directing a plurality of streams of air from the opposite sides of said fire box toward the center and rear thereof in such manner that they will converge in the path of said fuel stream.

1. In an oil burner, a fire box, a chamber, a grate disposed between said lire box and said chamber and permitting communication therebetween, means for directing a stream of atomized fuel downwardly into said fire box, and a structure of refractory material mounted over said grate having oppositely disposed inclined ducts leading to a central aperture for directing streams of air which will converge in the path of said fuel stream. c v

5. In an oil burner, a fire box, a chamber, a grate disposed between said fire box and said chamber and permitting communication therebetween, and a refractory brick structure mounted over said grate having opposite ducts leading to a central aperture from the sides thereof for directing streams of air which will converge in the path of said fuel stream, and means adjacent the rear of said fire box for directing a current of air into said aperture in an upwardly and forwardly direction.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

WILLIAM H. PasooE. 

